JD.com
Market Data Current As Of: September 12, 2026
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JD.com
Compare market positioning with top industry peers
Explore JD.com
Core profile pages, annual revenue records, and related research hubs for this company.
Company History
Founded 1998 in Beijing, China
Richard Liu Qiangdong grew up in profound rural poverty in Guangming Village, Jiangsu Province, raised by his grandparents who were boatmen on the Grand Canal. Determined to escape rural hardship, Liu earned admission to prestigious Renmin University in Beijing to study sociology. In June 1998, with just 12,000 RMB ($1,500) in personal savings, Liu rented a tiny four-square-meter stall in Beijing's 'Silicon Valley' of Zhongguancun, naming it 'Jingdong' (combining his first love's name with his own). Unlike neighboring merchants who sold bootlegged software and grey-market electronic parts, Liu insisted on selling authentic goods with genuine invoices, building a loyal customer following. In spring 2003, the deadly SARS epidemic forced Beijing citizens indoors. Facing bankruptcy with zero foot traffic, Liu began posting his electronics inventory on online bulletin boards and QQ chat rooms. Customers trusted Liu because he had never sold a counterfeit item. In January 2004, Liu closed his physical stalls permanently to launch jdlaser.com (which became 360buy and later JD.com). In 2007, early venture capital pioneer Kathy Xu of Capital Today recognized Liu's fanatical customer focus and invested $10 million, funding Liu's visionary decision to build JD Logistics—a move that would define modern Chinese digital retail.
Since its establishment in 1998, JD.com expanded from an early-stage venture into a recognized leader in E-Commerce, Supply Chain Logistics, Retail Technology, Cloud Computing & Digital Healthcare, overcoming key market challenges.
Over its history, JD.com executed decisive strategic pivots toward scalable monetization and digital distribution, securing its current market leadership.
By continually modernizing operations and embracing workflow automation, JD.com maintains resilience through changing technological and economic cycles.