IBM vs PepsiCo: Revenue, Profit and Business Model
IBM reported $67.5B of revenue in FY2025 and $10.6B of net income. PepsiCo reported $93.9B of revenue in FY2025 and $8.2B of net income.
Latest financial snapshot
Financial summary
IBM
IBM's reported revenue fell from about $80 billion in 2016-2018 to $57.4 billion in 2021, mostly because the Kyndryl spin-off and earlier divestitures removed low-margin services. Since then the slimmer company has grown each year: $60.5 billion in 2022, $61.9 billion in 2023, $62.8 billion in 2024, and $67.5 billion in 2025 (up 7.6%). FY2025 net income from continuing operations was $10.6 billion and free cash flow was $14.7 billion. In Q2 2026, revenue rose 1% to $17.16 billion: software grew 5% to $7.76 billion, consulting was flat at $5.33 billion, and infrastructure fell 7% to $3.84 billion as IBM Z sales lapped the z17 launch. Some large software deals slipped out of the quarter, so IBM cut its 2026 constant-currency revenue growth forecast to 4-5% while keeping its target of about $1 billion more free cash flow than in 2025.
PepsiCo
PepsiCo grew net revenue from $62.8 billion in 2016 to $93.9 billion in 2025, but growth slowed to 0.4% in 2024 and 2.3% in 2025 (1.7% organic) as North American snack volumes declined. Fiscal 2025 net income was $8.24 billion, down 14%, reflecting a roughly $2 billion impairment mainly on Rockstar. In 2026 the picture improved on the top line: Q1 net revenue rose 8.5% and Q2 rose 6.4% to $24.18 billion, helped by acquisitions, currency and international volume. Q2 2026 net income was $2.98 billion versus $1.26 billion a year earlier. For full-year 2026 PepsiCo guided to 2-4% organic revenue growth and 4-6% core constant-currency EPS growth.
Revenue and profit by year
IBM
| Year | Revenue | Net income | Margin | Growth | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2025 | $67.5B | $10.6B | 15.7% | +7.6% | Source |
| FY2024 | $62.8B | $6B | 9.6% | +1.4% | Source |
| FY2023 | $61.9B | $7.5B | 12.1% | +2.2% | Source |
| FY2022 | $60.5B | $1.6B | 2.7% | +5.5% | Source |
| FY2021 | $57.4B | $5.7B | 10.0% | +3.9% | Source |
| FY2020 | $55.2B | $5.6B | 10.1% | -4.4% | Source |
| FY2019 | $57.7B | $9.4B | 16.3% | -27.5% | Source |
| FY2018 | $79.6B | $8.7B | 11.0% | +0.6% | Source |
| FY2017 | $79.1B | $5.8B | 7.3% | -1.0% | Source |
| FY2016 | $79.9B | $11.9B | 14.9% | — | Source |
PepsiCo
| Year | Revenue | Net income | Margin | Growth | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2025 | $93.9B | $8.2B | 8.8% | +2.3% | Source |
| FY2024 | $91.9B | $9.6B | 10.4% | +0.4% | Source |
| FY2023 | $91.5B | $9.1B | 9.9% | +5.9% | Source |
| FY2022 | $86.4B | $8.9B | 10.3% | +8.7% | Source |
| FY2021 | $79.5B | $7.6B | 9.6% | +12.9% | Source |
| FY2020 | $70.4B | $7.1B | 10.1% | +4.8% | Source |
| FY2019 | $67.2B | $7.3B | 10.9% | +3.9% | Source |
| FY2018 | $64.7B | $12.5B | 19.4% | +1.8% | Source |
| FY2017 | $63.5B | $4.9B | 7.6% | +1.2% | Source |
| FY2016 | $62.8B | $6.3B | 10.1% | — | Source |
Where the revenue comes from
IBM
- Software~44%
Red Hat, automation, data and AI, transaction processing, security, and related software services.
- Consulting~31%
Technology consulting, business transformation, hybrid cloud implementation, and AI-enabled workflows.
- Infrastructure~23%
IBM Z, distributed infrastructure, storage, infrastructure software, maintenance, and related services.
- Financing~1%
Client financing and used equipment sales supporting enterprise technology deployments.
PepsiCo
- PepsiCo Foods North America (Frito-Lay and Quaker)~30%
Savory snacks, oats, bars and dips sold to US and Canadian retailers and foodservice; about $27.7 billion combined in 2024.
- PepsiCo Beverages North America~30%
Finished drinks, fountain syrup and concentrate, including Pepsi, Mountain Dew, Gatorade and partner brands; about $27.8 billion in 2024.
- International (Latin America, Europe, AMESA, Asia Pacific)~40%
Locally made snacks such as Sabritas, Walkers and Kurkure plus beverage concentrate sold to franchise bottlers and company-run beverage operations.
Business model and strategy
IBM
How it makes money
IBM makes money from four segments. Software ($29.96 billion in FY2025, about 44% of revenue) includes Red Hat Enterprise Linux and OpenShift, HashiCorp Terraform and Vault, Confluent data streaming (from March 2026), watsonx AI, automation, security, and mainframe transaction-processing software, sold mostly as subscriptions and recurring licenses.
Growth strategy
IBM does not try to beat AWS, Microsoft Azure, or Google Cloud at selling public cloud capacity. It sells the software layer that runs across all of them and across on-premises data centers.
Competitive advantage
IBM's main advantage is how deeply it is built into the core systems of large regulated organizations. Banks, card networks, insurers, and governments run high-volume transaction processing on IBM Z, and moving those workloads is slow, risky, and expensive.
PepsiCo
How it makes money
PepsiCo makes money by manufacturing and selling branded snacks, packaged foods and beverages to retailers, foodservice operators and independent bottlers. It reports through regional segments: PepsiCo Foods North America (Frito-Lay and Quaker, combined in 2025), PepsiCo Beverages North America (PBNA), Latin America, Europe, Africa/Middle East/South Asia (AMESA) and Asia Pacific.
Growth strategy
PepsiCo's current growth strategy has four parts: affordability (price cuts of up to 15% on Lay's, Tostitos, Doritos and Cheetos in February 2026), portfolio shift toward better-for-you and functional brands through acquisitions such as Siete (2025), poppi ($1.95 billion, closed May 2025) and Sabra, cost reduction (three US plant closures, SKU rationalization and a review of North American supply chain and go-to-mark…
Competitive advantage
PepsiCo's advantage is scale in savory snacks combined with a large beverage business and a direct-store-delivery network. Frito-Lay brands such as Lay's, Doritos and Cheetos lead the US salty snack aisle, and DSD lets PepsiCo control merchandising and restocking in grocery, mass and convenience stores.
Questions about IBM vs PepsiCo
Which company has higher revenue — International Business Machines Corporation or PepsiCo, Inc.?
International Business Machines Corporation reported $67.5B (FY2025), while PepsiCo, Inc. reported $93.9B (FY2025). By last reported revenue, PepsiCo, Inc. is the larger business, with International Business Machines Corporation reporting a smaller revenue base.
What is the market cap of International Business Machines Corporation vs PepsiCo, Inc.?
International Business Machines Corporation's market capitalisation stands at $216.3B, while PepsiCo, Inc.'s is $175.0B. International Business Machines Corporation carries the higher market valuation, reflecting investors' expectations of its future earnings power relative to PepsiCo, Inc..
Which is more financially efficient — International Business Machines Corporation or PepsiCo, Inc.?
International Business Machines Corporation generates $256k / employee in revenue per employee, while PepsiCo, Inc. generates $307k / employee. PepsiCo, Inc. shows higher revenue efficiency per headcount, though this reflects business model differences — capital-light software companies routinely outperform labour-intensive manufacturers on this metric.
How do International Business Machines Corporation and PepsiCo, Inc. make money?
International Business Machines Corporation and PepsiCo, Inc. generate revenue in fundamentally different ways. International Business Machines Corporation: IBM makes money from four segments. PepsiCo, Inc.: PepsiCo makes money by manufacturing and selling branded snacks, packaged foods and beverages to retailers, foodservice operators and independent bottlers.
Which company is valued higher relative to revenue — International Business Machines Corporation or PepsiCo, Inc.?
On a price-to-sales (P/S) basis, International Business Machines Corporation trades at 3.2x P/S and PepsiCo, Inc. at 1.9x P/S. International Business Machines Corporation commands a higher revenue multiple, typically indicating that investors expect faster growth or higher future margins compared to PepsiCo, Inc.. A higher multiple is not inherently better — it may also signal that the stock is priced for perfection.
Is International Business Machines Corporation bigger than PepsiCo, Inc.?
By last reported revenue, PepsiCo, Inc. ($93.9B (FY2025)) is the larger company compared to International Business Machines Corporation ($67.5B (FY2025)). Revenue scale is one dimension of size — market capitalisation, employee count, and geographic reach are also relevant depending on the context.
Figures come from each company's filings and the sources linked beside them. Amounts reported in another currency are shown in US dollars at an approximate rate and marked with ~. Back to the IBM vs PepsiCo overview