Amory Houghton Sr.

Amory Houghton Sr. was a Massachusetts businessman who founded the Bay State Glass Company in Somerville in 1851. He moved the business to Brooklyn as the Brooklyn Flint Glass Works and in 1868 relocated it to Corning, New York, where it became Corning Glass Works. His family led the company for more than a century.

The founding of Corning is historic, tracing its roots to the very dawn of the American industrial revolution and representing the geographical relocation of an entire industry. The company was originally founded in 1851 as the Bay State Glass Company by Amory Houghton in Somerville, Massachusetts. Houghton was an ambitious entrepreneur who lacked formal training in glassmaking but possessed a drive to commercialize the craft. He acquired a struggling glassworks and began producing tableware and decorative glass. However, the business was unstable and faced financial difficulties, eventually going bankrupt in 1864. Undeterred, Amory Houghton relocated his family and his business to Brooklyn, New York, establishing the Brooklyn Flint Glass Works. In 1868, recognizing that Brooklyn was becoming too expensive and lacked the cheap, abundant energy required to melt sand into glass, Houghton made the foundational pivot that defined the company. He relocated the entire operation, moving his furnaces, equipment, and skilled glassblowers via the Erie Canal, to the small, rural town of Corning in upstate New York. He chose Corning because it offered cheap access to the local coal required to fire the furnaces and lay on a major railroad line. Reincorporated as the Corning Glass Works, the company flourished. The foundational legacy of deep, complex scientific innovation was established in 1879, when Thomas Edison famously asked Corning to manufacture the protective glass envelopes for his newly invented incandescent light bulb, permanently transforming Corning from a manufacturer of decorative tableware into the most essential, technologically advanced glass supplier in the world. Amory Houghton Sr. was born in 1798.